Extração de bromelina dos resíduos de abacaxi ( Ananas comosus ) por sistemas de duas fases aquosas e sua aplicação em hidrogel polimérico / Extraction of bromelain from pineapple waste ( Ananas comosus ) by aqueous two-phase systems and its application in polymeric hydrogels

Bromelina é um nome coletivo para enzimas proteolíticas encontradas no talo, fruto e folhas do abacaxi (Ananas comosus Merr). A bromelina possui propriedades anti-inflamatórias, de debridamento, entre outras. Para a produção da bromelina deve-se, preferencialmente, usar resíduos do abacaxi, visto que os produtos do fruto têm aplicação comercial. Este trabalho teve como objetivo a extração de bromelina a partir de cascas de abacaxi através de sistema de duas fases aquosas (SDFA), e sua aplicação em hidrogel polimérico. Foram realizados estudos de estabilidade da bromelina comercial, em que se observou maior estabilidade em pH 5,0 com menor perda da atividade relativa em todas as temperaturas estudadas (20, 30, 40 e 50°C). O estudo da extração da bromelina em SDFA formado por polietileno glicol (PEG) e ácido poliacrílico (PAA) (com auxílio da análise de variância de parâmetros como rendimento, fator de purificação e coeficiente de partição) proporcionou rendimento de 335% e fator de purificação de 25,8. Os hidrogéis poliméricos à base de PEG estudados apresentaram-se flexíveis, com pouca elasticidade e taxa de absorção superior a 1000%. Hidrogel carreado de bromelina pelo método de turgescência proporcionou a maior liberação da enzima, assim como a maior atividade (80% da bromelina liberada em 24 h e 278 ± 89 U/mL)

Bromelain is a collective name for the proteolytic enzymes found in the stem, fruit and leaves of pineapple (Ananas comosus Merr.). Bromelain possesses anti-inflammatory properties, debridement, among others. For bromelain production one should preferably use the waste materials, whereas pineapple fruit products have commercial application. This study aimed to extract bromelain from pineapple peels using aqueous two-phase system (ATPS), and its application in polymeric hydrogels. Stability studies of commercial bromelain were performed, which found greater stability at pH 5.0 with minor loss of relative activity at all temperatures studied. The study of bromelain extraction in ATPS composed by polyethylene glycol (PEG) and poly acrylic acid (PAA) (with assistance of variance analysis of parameters such as yield, purification factor and partition coefficient) showed yield 335% and purification factor of 25.8. The PEG-based hydrogels studied presented flexibility, low elasticity and swelling ratio higher than 1000%. Hydrogel containing bromelain, loading by embedding (solvent sorption) method, yielded the highest enzyme release, as well as the highest activity (80% bromelain released over 24 h and 278 ± 89 U / mL)

Synthesis and evaluation of activity of some novel enaminones derived from poly [4-Hydroxy quinoline 2 [1H]-one Co acrylic acid] against murine schistosomiasis mansoni

In this work, hydrogels based on different ratios of acrylic acid [AAc] and 4-hydroxy quinaline 2 [IH]-one [BDHQ] monomers; were prepared by copolymerization using gamma-rays of [60]Co gamma cell as source. The hydrogels were characterized by versatile techniques. The effect of time absorption, pHs level, temperature, and ionic strength on the absorbency [%] of P [AAc/BDHQ] hydrogels were studied. In the application the prepared hydrogel samples to murine schistosomiasis mansoni field. The results revealed that the percentage of worm's reduction was 56.82% in case of PAAc or comp. I and 69.38% in case of P [AAc/BDHQ] or comp. II. The dead ova were recorded in comp. I and in comp. II were 45.5 +/- 1.11 and 50.25 +/- 1.17, respectively comparing to the control group. Also, It was observed that the Oogram patterns, curative dose of PZQ had Lethal effect on the mature eggs with 100% reduction